What Are the Common Causes of Hand Numbness
Hand numbness is a frequent complaint that can interfere with daily tasks and reduce overall quality of life. Whether it’s a tingling sensation when you wake up or a persistent loss of feeling in the fingers, hand numbness may signal a range of underlying conditions. Understanding what causes it is essential for seeking timely numbness in hands treatment from a qualified London hand specialist.
This article outlines the most common reasons behind numb hands, when to seek medical attention, and what treatment options may be available.
How Hand Numbness Feels
Numbness is more than just a temporary inconvenience. It can feel like:
- Pins and needles
- Tingling or prickling
- A burning sensation
- Reduced sensitivity to touch
- Weak grip or difficulty holding objects
These symptoms may appear in one or both hands and can be constant or intermittent.
What Causes Hand Numbness?
Several conditions can lead to numbness in the hands. The root cause often lies in the nerves—whether they’re compressed, inflamed, or damaged.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common causes of hand numbness, especially in people who perform repetitive tasks with their hands.
How It Happens
The median nerve runs through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. When this tunnel becomes narrowed or inflamed, the nerve becomes compressed.
Common Symptoms
- Numbness in the thumb, index, and middle fingers
- Weakness in the hand
- Symptoms worsening at night
CTS is frequently seen in office workers, hairdressers, and anyone who types or uses their hands extensively.
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
This condition affects the ulnar nerve, which passes through the elbow. Pressure on this nerve causes numbness in the ring and little fingers.
Causes
- Leaning on elbows for prolonged periods
- Elbow fractures or arthritis
- Repeated bending of the arm
Cubital tunnel syndrome may also cause hand weakness or a “clumsy” feeling.
Cervical Radiculopathy
This condition occurs when a nerve root in the neck becomes compressed, often due to degenerative disc disease or herniated discs.
Typical Symptoms
- Numbness or tingling travelling from the neck to the hand
- Neck pain or stiffness
- Muscle weakness in the arm or hand
Seeing a London hand specialist is crucial if hand numbness is accompanied by neck symptoms.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Thoracic outlet syndrome involves the compression of nerves or blood vessels between the collarbone and first rib. It is more common in athletes or those with poor posture.
Signs to Watch For
- Numbness or tingling in the hand
- Arm fatigue
- Swelling or colour changes in the hand
This condition often requires a mix of physiotherapy and medical management.
Diabetes-Related Nerve Damage
Peripheral neuropathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the nerves in the hands and feet.
Key Indicators
- Gradual onset of tingling or burning
- Numbness in both hands or feet
- Worsening symptoms at night
Early diagnosis and blood sugar control are essential in slowing down the progression.
Vitamin Deficiencies
Lack of certain vitamins can impact nerve health, leading to hand numbness.
Most Common Deficiencies
- Vitamin B12 – crucial for nerve function
- Vitamin B6 – excessive levels can also be harmful
- Vitamin D – supports overall nerve and muscle health
Blood tests can help diagnose deficiencies, and supplementation may resolve symptoms over time.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Although less common, MS is a neurological condition that can present with numbness or tingling in the hands.
Associated Symptoms
- Vision problems
- Muscle weakness
- Loss of coordination
Numbness caused by MS tends to come and go and may affect various parts of the body.
When to See a London Hand Specialist
While mild, short-term numbness may not be serious, certain signs indicate the need for professional evaluation.
Warning Signs
- Numbness lasting more than a few days
- Weak grip or frequent dropping of objects
- Numbness accompanied by arm or neck pain
- Symptoms interfering with sleep or daily life
A London hand specialist can conduct tests to identify the exact cause and recommend appropriate numbness in hands treatment.
Diagnosis and Evaluation
An accurate diagnosis typically involves:
- Physical examination
- Nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG)
- Imaging tests such as X-rays or MRIs
- Blood tests to check for underlying conditions
Your doctor will ask about work habits, past injuries, and family medical history to determine the most likely cause.
Treatment Options
Treatment varies depending on the cause but may include:
Non-Surgical Options
- Wrist splints – helpful for carpal tunnel syndrome
- Anti-inflammatory medications – to reduce nerve irritation
- Physiotherapy – to improve posture, strength, and flexibility
- Ergonomic adjustments – especially for office-related numbness
- Lifestyle changes – such as better diabetes control or vitamin intake
Surgical Treatment
In some cases, surgery is recommended to relieve nerve compression, particularly for:
- Carpal tunnel syndrome
- Cubital tunnel syndrome
- Severe thoracic outlet syndrome
Surgical outcomes are often positive, especially when performed early by an experienced London hand specialist.
Conclusion
Hand numbness is not something to ignore—especially when it begins affecting everyday life. From carpal tunnel syndrome to nerve compression in the neck, many treatable causes exist. The key is early assessment and targeted numbness in hands treatment guided by a skilled healthcare professional.
If you’re experiencing persistent hand numbness, seeking the advice of a London hand specialist can lead to accurate diagnosis and a personalised treatment plan. Early action often results in better outcomes, helping you return to a pain-free, active lifestyle.